Prasun Barua
CHAPTER-2: What is artificial intelligence?
Artificial intelligence (AI) is the simulation of human intelligence in machines which are programmed to think like humans and mimic their actions. This is also applicable to any machine which can perform like a human mind such as learning and problem-solving. It is a wide branch of computer science which builds smart machines capable of performing tasks that typically require human intelligence. It is a various approached interdisciplinary science with advanced machine learning in every sector of the tech industry.
Artificial intelligence (AI) is the ability of a digital computer or computer-controlled robot to perform tasks related to intelligent beings. The term is frequently applied to the project of developing systems capable with the intellectual processes of human’s characteristic like the ability to reason, discover meaning, generalize, or learn from past experience. Some programs have attained the performance levels of human experts and professionals in performing certain specific tasks, so that artificial intelligence in this limited sense is found in applications as diverse as medical diagnosis, computer search engines, and voice or handwriting recognition. The ideal characteristic of artificial intelligence is its ability to justify and take actions to achieve a specific goal.
Categorization of Artificial Intelligence
There are two different categories in artificial intelligence. They are weak and strong. Weak artificial intelligence system is designed to carry out a particular job. Weak AI systems include video games like the chess and personal assistants like Amazon’s Alexa and Apple’s Siri which can reply when we ask them any question.
Strong artificial intelligence systems can carry on the tasks like human. They are programmed in such a way that they can handle situations to solve problems without any human intervene. These types of systems can be found in applications like self-driving cars or in hospital operating rooms.
Applications of Artificial Intelligence
There are various applications of artificial intelligence. It is applied in many different sectors and industries. AI is being tested and used in the healthcare industry for dosing drugs and different treatment in patients, and for surgical procedures in the operating room. Other examples include computers which can play chess and self-driving cars. Each machine can evaluate any action they take, as each action will impact the end result. In chess, the end result is winning the game. For self-driving cars, the computer system can compute and analyze all external data for preventing a collision.
In the financial industry, artificial intelligence also plays a vital role. It can detect and flag activity in banking and finance like unusual debit card usage and large amount deposits which help a bank’s fraud department. Artificial intelligence can also help modernize trading by making easier estimate of supply, demand, and pricing of securities.